What is a personal line of credit?

A personal line of credit can allow you to withdraw funds as often as you’d like, up to a limit.

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By Anna Baluch

Written by

Anna Baluch

Writer

Anna Baluch is a personal finance freelance writer with years of experience writing for well-known media outlets in the business and personal finance space. Her work can be found on media outlets like The Balance, Freedom Debt Relief, LendingTree, Credit Karma, Nav, and RateGenius. She holds a bachelor's degree in marketing from Northwood University and an MBA from Roosevelt University.

Edited by Jared Hughes

Written by

Jared Hughes

Editor

Jared Hughes is a personal loan editor for Credible and Fox Money, and has been producing digital content for more than six years.

Updated December 13, 2023, 3:25 PM EST

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If you’d like the flexibility to withdraw funds as you need, a personal line of credit can come in handy. It lets you tap into and repay your credit line so you can cover ongoing projects or unexpected expenses.

How does a personal line of credit work?

A personal line of credit is a form of revolving credit, similar to a credit card. Once you get approved, you can withdraw funds as much or as little as you’d like, up to your set credit limit. Your credit limit will be based on various factors, like your income, credit history, and financial stability.

A personal line of credit has a draw period. During the draw period, you have a predetermined time frame during which you can access funds from your credit line. You can take as much or as little as you need, up to your credit limit. You typically make at least a minimum monthly payment during this time.

After the draw period ends, the repayment period will start and, if you have an unpaid balance, you’ll repay what you borrowed plus interest. Your credit will determine your interest rate and a higher credit score will likely lead to a lower rate.

Just like personal loans, a personal line of credit can be secured or unsecured. A secured line of credit requires collateral or a valuable asset you own, like your house, to back the loan. It’s easier to get approved for than an unsecured line of credit, which doesn’t involve collateral. But if you fail to make your payments, the lender can seize your collateral.

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Good to know:

You may have to pay a fee every time you use a personal line of credit.

Where to get a personal line of credit

Not every bank and credit union offers personal lines of credit. But there are many financial institutions that do. For example, you may be able to take one out with U.S. Bank, United Federal Credit Union, or PNC Bank.

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Personal line of credit vs. a personal loan

While a personal line of credit and personal loan are often used interchangeably, there are a few major differences between these two types of financing:

  • A personal line of credit lets you withdraw funds as you need to and will only charge you interest on the funds you actually use.
  • A personal loan gives you a lump sum of money upfront, but you’ll have to pay interest on the entire amount you borrowed.

Here’s a closer look at the differences:

Personal line of credit
Personal loan
Type of credit
Revolving
Installment
Loan amounts
$500 to $50,000
$1,000 to $100,000
Qualifications
  • Good to excellent credit
  • Verifiable income
  • Good to excellent credit
  • Verifiable income
Average interest rates
Variable and based on the market
6% to 36%
Terms
Varies by lender
1 to 7 years (depending on the lender)
Fees
Common lender fees include:
  • Annual fees
  • Fee for each use of line of credit
  • Late fees
  • Overdraft fees
Common lender fees include:
  • Application fees
  • Origination fees
  • Prepayment penalties
  • Late fees
Funding
Ongoing access during draw period
One lump sum

What are the different lines of credit?

A line of credit can come in a few different forms. Here is an overview of your options:

  • Personal: A personal line of credit may be a good idea if you have an unexpected expense to cover. It might also be worthwhile if you’re unsure of how much an expense will cost. But you’ll likely need good to excellent credit to get approved.
  • Business: A business line of credit is for business-related expenses, like inventory, equipment, and payroll. Compared to a personal line of credit, a business line of credit usually has a higher limit.
  • HELOC: A home equity line of credit (HELOC) is secured by your home. It allows you to borrow against your home equity. A HELOC typically has a much lower interest rate than a credit card, making it a good option if you’re a homeowner. Keep in mind that a HELOC uses your home as collateral, and if you fail to make payments, your lender may foreclose on your home.

Common uses of a personal line of credit

You can use a personal line of credit to pay for a variety of expenses, such as:

  • Home renovations: If you’d like to remodel your kitchen or add a deck, for example, you might not know the exact cost right off the bat. In this situation, a line of credit may be a good fit.
  • Debt consolidation: Debt consolidation can allow you to roll multiple, high-interest debts into a single account with one monthly payment. Ideally, you’d lock in a lower rate than the rates you’re currently paying and also save on interest.
  • Emergency renovations: An emergency renovation like a roof repair or new HVAC unit can pop up when you least expect it. With a personal line of credit, you’ll be able to cover it with ease.
  • Seasonal cash flow: If you’re a freelancer or entrepreneur, a personal line of credit may help you pay for your expenses when your income dips. You’ll be able to pull funds from it until your income increases.
  • Medical expenses: Certain medical costs are not set in stone and may fluctuate based on how you recover. A personal line of credit may help you cover extra costs you didn’t originally plan for.

Be sure to only withdraw funds from a personal line of credit when you have a necessary expense, rather than when you want to go on vacation or make an unnecessary large purchase.

Let’s say you own a landscaping business that tends to be slower in the colder months. You can take out a $20,000 line of credit, for example, and cover your essential expenses until the weather warms up and you're busy again.

Pros and cons

Here’s a look at the benefits and drawbacks of using a personal line of credit.

Pros

  • Flexible: Unlike a personal loan, a personal line of credit gives you the flexibility to withdraw funds as you need to. You’ll be able to cover expenses as they arise.
  • Various uses: You can use a personal line of credit to cover just about any expense. This can be a home renovation, medical bill, or anything else you might not be able to budget for in advance.
  • Potentially lower rates than personal loans: Depending on your credit, you may be able to get a lower rate than a personal loan.

Cons

  • Higher rates: Compared to personal loans and other types of installment loans, unsecured personal lines of credit usually come with higher interest rates. This means you may pay more in interest in the long run.
  • Variable rates: Most personal lines of credit have variable interest rates that fluctuate. If your rate increases, your payments could increase as well and take a toll on your budget.
  • Can lead to more debt: Because you’ll have ongoing access to funds, you may be tempted to spend more money than you can afford to. This can increase your debt burden.

How to get a personal line of credit

Follow these steps if you’d like to apply for a personal line of credit:

  1. Check your credit: Visit AnnualCreditReport.com to request your credit reports. Dispute any errors or inaccuracies with the appropriate bureau as they may be bringing down your score.
  2. Shop around: Compare as many lenders as possible so you can find the right line of credit for your unique needs. Consider borrowing amounts, interest rates, fees, and draw periods.
  3. Fill out an application: Once you decide on a personal line of credit, complete the application online or in person. Be prepared to share your personal and financial details.
  4. Withdraw funds: If you get approved, you can then review and sign your agreement. The funds may be available to you as soon as the same day. Remember to only borrow what you need and can afford to pay back.

Alternative options

If you decide that a personal line of credit doesn’t make sense, you might want to explore these alternatives:

  • Personal loan: A personal loan offers a lump sum of money upfront. You’ll repay it through fixed monthly payments over a term that typically ranges from 1 to 7 years.
  • Credit card: If you get approved for a balance transfer credit card, you may be able to avoid interest charges with an introductory 0% interest offer for anywhere between 12 and 21 months. But keep in mind that your rate will resume at the standard rate once the introductory period is up.
  • Home equity loan: With a home equity loan, you can borrow money against your home’s equity. You’ll receive an upfront lump sum and repay it with a fixed interest rate. Like a HELOC, it uses your home as collateral.
  • HELOC: A HELOC is similar to a personal line of credit in that you’ll be able to withdraw from it as much as you want, up to your credit limit. Most lenders let you borrow 80% of your home equity.
  • 401(k) loan: If you have a 401(k) retirement account, you may be able to take out a 401(k) loan. While you’ll borrow money from yourself instead of a lender, you might be on the hook for penalties and derail your retirement savings.

FAQ

What happens if I miss a payment on my personal line of credit?

If you miss a payment on your personal line of credit, your credit score could take a hit. Unfortunately, even one missed payment can bring it down.

Is a personal line of credit suitable for someone with bad credit?

You may be able to get a personal line of credit with bad credit. But you’ll likely have to settle for a higher interest rate or put collateral, like your house, on the line.

Should I get a personal loan or a personal line of credit?

A personal loan is a good option if you know exactly how much money you need. A personal line of credit is a better fit if you’re unsure of how much money you want to borrow and would like more flexibility.

What factors affect the interest rate on a personal line of credit?

Your income, credit score, and financial stability will play a role in your interest rate on a personal line of credit. Market conditions will also affect your rate.

How does a personal line of credit affect my credit score?

A personal line of credit can help or hurt your score. If you miss multiple payments, it will bring it down. On the other hand, if you consistently make on-time payments, your score will likely go up.

Meet the contributor:
Anna Baluch
Anna Baluch

Anna Baluch is a personal finance freelance writer with years of experience writing for well-known media outlets in the business and personal finance space. Her work can be found on media outlets like The Balance, Freedom Debt Relief, LendingTree, Credit Karma, Nav, and RateGenius. She holds a bachelor's degree in marketing from Northwood University and an MBA from Roosevelt University.

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Fox Money is a property of Credible Operations, Inc., which is majority-owned indirectly by Fox Corporation. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed. All rights reserved. Use of this website (including any and all parts and components) constitutes your acceptance of Fox's Terms of Use and Updated Privacy Policy | Your Privacy Choices.